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Classical Dances of India: The 8 Forms Recognized by Sangeet Natak Akademi

Introduction

India is a land of dance. The Natya Shastra by Bharata Muni is the foundational text. The Sangeet Natak Akademi recognizes 8 classical dances, while the Ministry of Culture adds Chhau (making it 9).

The 8 Classical Forms

1. Bharatnatyam (Tamil Nadu): Oldest form. Features Ekaharya (one dancer takes many roles) and fire element.
2. Kathak (North India): Influenced by Mughal courts. Known for spins (Chakkars) and footwork.
3. Kathakali (Kerala): Story play. Elaborate face painting and costumes. Depicts stories from Ramayana/Mahabharata.
4. Mohiniyattam (Kerala): Dance of the Enchantress. Graceful, feminine, white and gold saree.
5. Odissi (Odisha): Tribhanga posture (three bends involved).
6. Kuchipudi (Andhra Pradesh): Combines dance and acting. Brass plate dance.
7. Manipuri (Manipur): Devotional (Krishna). Cylindrical skirts. Gentle movements.
8. Sattriya (Assam): Introduced by Shankaradeva in Vaishnav Monasteries (Sattras).

Conclusion

Each dance form is a unique flower in the garland of Indian culture, preserving ancient traditions.