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Nanotechnology: The Future of Science - Applications & Missions

Introduction

Nanotechnology treats matter at the atomic and molecular scale (1 to 100 nanometers). At this scale, materials behave differently (e.g., Gold becomes red/purple).

1. Key Materials

• Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs): Stronger than steel, lighter than aluminum. Used in bulletproof vests.
• Graphene: The "Wonder Material". Single layer of carbon atoms. Excellent conductor of heat and electricity.

2. Applications

• Health: Targeted Drug Delivery (killing cancer cells without harming healthy ones). Lab-on-a-chip.
• Environment: Water purification (Nano-filters).
• Textiles: Stain-resistant and wrinkle-free fabrics.

3. Nano Mission (2007)

Launched by DST to promote R&D. India ranks 3rd in research publications in Nanotech.

Conclusion

From Nano-Urea (IFFCO) to Nano-Medicine, this technology holds the key to solving resource constraints of the future.